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ADHD in adults refers to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder that continues into adulthood or is first recognised later in life. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention, organisation, impulse control, and emotional regulation. While it is often associated with childhood, many adults live with ADHD, sometimes for years, without a formal diagnosis.
In adults, ADHD does not always present as obvious hyperactivity. Instead, it may appear as persistent difficulties with focus, time management, organisation, and follow-through. Many adults with ADHD describe feeling mentally restless, easily distracted, overwhelmed by daily responsibilities, or frustrated by unfinished tasks. These challenges can affect work performance, relationships, finances, and overall wellbeing.
Common symptoms of ADHD in adults include difficulty concentrating for extended periods, frequent procrastination, disorganisation, forgetfulness, and trouble prioritising tasks. Adults may struggle with meeting deadlines, managing schedules, or maintaining routines. Impulsivity can show up as interrupting others, making quick decisions without considering consequences, or difficulty regulating emotions such as frustration or impatience.
There are three recognised presentations of ADHD in adults. The predominantly inattentive presentation involves difficulties with focus, organisation, and memory. The predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation includes restlessness, impulsive behaviour, and difficulty slowing down, though physical hyperactivity may be less visible. The combined presentation includes symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity and is the most common form seen in adults.
ADHD in adults is a recognised medical condition and is diagnosed using established clinical criteria outlined in diagnostic manuals such as the DSM-5 and ICD-11. A comprehensive assessment by a qualified healthcare professional is essential and typically includes a detailed clinical history, symptom review, and evaluation of how symptoms impact daily functioning. Many adults are diagnosed after recognising lifelong patterns that were previously attributed to stress, anxiety, or personality traits.
Living with undiagnosed ADHD can be challenging, but effective support is available. Treatment for adult ADHD may include psychoeducation, behavioural strategies, coaching, workplace adjustments, and, where appropriate, medication. With the right support and understanding, adults with ADHD can build strategies that play to their strengths and improve quality of life.
